ERROR CONTROL CODING TECHNIQUES FOR NEXTGENERATION WIRELESS SYSTEMS

Abstract

Next-generation wireless communication systems such as 5G and emerging 6G demand extremely high data rates, ultra-low latency, and reliable transmission under harsh channel conditions. However, wireless channels are severely affected by noise, interference, and multipath fading, leading to frequent transmission errors. Error control coding (ECC) techniques play a crucial role in improving communication reliability by enabling detection and correction of bit errors at the receiver. This work presents a comprehensive study of error control coding techniques employed in modern wireless systems, including convolutional codes, Turbo codes, Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes, and Polar codes. Their performance is analyzed under additive white Gaussian noise and fading channels using bit error rate and coding gain as key metrics. Simulation-based evaluation demonstrates that advanced coding schemes significantly outperform traditional techniques while approaching Shannon capacity limits. The results confirm that ECC is a fundamental enabler for reliable and spectrally efficient next-generation wireless communication systems.